When to bail out

Indeed, even the defenders of free economy acknowledge some type of administrative mediation on associations that become compelling incredible. The administrative specialists reserve an option to mediate, if the market powers are giving unjustifiable favorable circumstances, for example, restraining infrastructure or contamination. Business banks can turn out to be compelling ground-breaking and at the equivalent be extremely delicate. In any event, thriving capital markets have not sabotaged the significance of business banking. Business banks are a broadly utilized apparatus to invigorate the economy through credits that animate utilization and speculation. Along these lines, fundamentally the wellbeing of the financial division is legitimately identified with the strength of an economy. Liquidity hazard is inborn to business banking on the grounds that the investors can come and guarantee their stores at whenever. A befuddle of time to development of advances and stores can make serious issues. For example, an influx of terrified withdrawals can basically bankrupt a bank in the blink of an eye. This can trigger deliberate hazard and leave the whole economy shaken. The banks need to screen their benefit risk the executives measurements in light of the fact that any fumble can prompt bank runs or money deficiencies. For these issues, national banks expect of business banks to protect their stores and give them liquidity support. By giving liquidity bolster national banks control the currency advertise and infusing money in the economy when requested. These arrangements in actuality lead to different issues. For instance, in safeguarded stores, investors quit checking a bank’s execution and the banks increment their hazard craving by expanding loaning. To address this issue the national bank expects banks to keep up a base capital sufficiency proportion, and control protection premiums to be relative to the danger of a bank’s loaning. In any case, ongoing details propose that capital ampleness is certainly not a protected determinant to screen banking part. Business banks begin to once again depend on focal bank’s liquidity backing and will in general loan high premium advances to organizations with lower FICO assessments. Regardless of whether such loaning outcomes in instability in the currency market such varieties are little contrasted with the bank’s capital. National bank should be proactive as opposed to be responsive in light of the fact that the open expense of financial unsteadiness and high loan fees is excessively high. Indeed, even the Basel II tends to hazard capital structure yet doesn't address provisioning for subsidizing. The accentuation ought to be on liquidity as opposed to on dissolvability alone. Along these lines, business banks should be examined through stricter prudential guidelines.

Telemedicine and Telehealth in Malaysia free essay sample

In the mid 1990s the term telemedicine turned out to be notable in medicinal services. At that point, in the 21st century the term telemedicine change to telehealth on the grounds that telemedicine is more than conveying clinical consideration and more extensive administrations. Telemedicine was begun once again forty years prior which the emergency clinics expand care of patients in remote zones. This administration quickly spread and become incorporated into the continuous tasks of medical clinics, claim to fame offices, home wellbeing organizations, private doctor workplaces, and consumer’s homes and work environments. In this manner, developing assortment of uses and administrations utilizing two way video, email, PDAs, remote devices and different types of media transmission innovation. The word Tele-originates from an old Greek expression of a similar spelling that implies far off. The late 1960s in the United States where they have to have a framework for separation instruction and teleconsultation office between the Nebraska Psychiatric Institute and a remote state psychological wellness medical clinic. The framework named as shut circuit TV framework. We will compose a custom paper test on Telemedicine and Telehealth in Malaysia or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Other than that, cardiovascular specialist Micheal DeBakery performed open heart medical procedure in the United States and transmitted the system live to a clinic in Geneva, Switzerland. He utilized Comsats Early Bird satellite. He portrays the advanced of the activity and addressed live inquiries from Geneva in 1965. This medical procedure called as telesurgery. Telehealth can be characterizes as the joining of data, media transmission, human-machine interface innovations and wellbeing advancements to convey medicinal services, to advance the wellbeing status of the individuals and to make wellbeing. What's more, it is the combination with better data and correspondence innovation (ICT) development in the human services conveyance. It coordinates the utilized of broadcast communications and data frameworks just as sight and sound innovations to advance social insurance conveyance and make wellbeing plan for the person. Telemedicine is the utilization of data advances to trade wellbeing data and give human services benefits across land, time, social and social hindrances. Henceforth, as an umbrella that covers any clinical exercises including a component of separation. Telemedicine likewise make the data and correspondence innovation (ICT) assume jobs upheld the mind boggling communications between patients, specialist or attendant, advisor and clinical gear. Furthermore, it can characterize as the utilization of traded clinical data starting with one site then onto the next by means of electronic correspondences to improve a patient’s clinical wellbeing status. Telemedicine alludes to the genuine conveyance of remote clinical administrations utilizing innovation. At the beginning period, the term telemedicine was utilized yet later on changed to telehealth. It is on the grounds that telehealth alludes to a more extensive extent of administrations that incorporates telemedicine and different administrations that can be given remotely utilizing correspondence innovations. It can infer that, telehealth including telemedicine and an assortment of different administrations, for example, assessment explore, general wellbeing, customer training, organization, assessment research and, wellbeing experts instruction. Other than that, the World Health Organization (WHO) has any kind of effect among telehealth and telemedicine. In the event that telehealth is comprehended to mean the reconciliation of media transmission frameworks into the act of securing and advancing wellbeing, while telemedicine is the consolidation of these frameworks into therapeudic medication, at that point it must be recognized that telehealth compares all the more near the worldwide exercises of World Health Organization (WHO) in the field of general wellbeing. It covers training for wellbeing, open and network wellbeing, wellbeing frameworks advancement and the study of disease transmission though telemedicine is arranged more towards the clinical separated. In this way, telemedicine is truly medication rehearsed a ways off and telehealth is the conveyance of human services administrations a good ways off. In mid 1996, Malaysian government propelled media super passageway which remember for Vision 2020 for a drawn out advancement so as to accomplish created nation status in 2020. To pull in world class media frameworks and programming organizations and kick off the business, seven electronic lead applications have been planned. There are electronic government, Ramp;D groups, overall web producing, borderless showcasing administrations, a national multipurpose keen card or called as myKad, shrewd schools and telemedicine. At that point, in 1997 the Telemedicine Blueprint of Malaysia was distributed as reference record for the improvement of telehealth in Malaysia. Malaysian Health dreams are to create solid residents by a wellbeing framework that is impartial, proficient, mechanically fitting, naturally versatile, and shopper neighborly which is accentuation on quality, advancement, wellbeing advancement and regard for human poise. In this manner, the medicinal services framework in Malaysia requirement for a change so as to accomplish this vision. Along these lines, they capable increment future, expanded desires for shopper, rising human services cost and changing the example of infection. Furthermore, they center around the individual and on wellbeing, care at home, and in the network, self strengthening through data, and consistent access to quality medicinal services. In Malaysia, telemedicine was actualized in light of the fact that to guarantee Malaysian residents are accepting the best clinical treatment. The Malaysia’s Telemedicine Blueprint 1997 was activity by the Malaysian government to utilize the utilization of telehealth in the nation human services frameworks. Telemedicine was one of the leaders of Malaysia’s Multimedia Super Corridor venture. In light of The Telemedicine Blueprint, telemedicine must be adjusted to help future human services arrangement of Malaysia. There are a few destinations or objectives should be accomplished, for example, wellbeing center, individual center, educated individual, self improvement, care gave at home or near and dear, consistent and persistent consideration, administrations custom fitted however much as could be expected, and successful, effective and moderate administrations. Telemedicine advance wellbeing all through life through system based administrations and wellbeing the executives devices, give precise and convenient data, increment the capacity of people to oversee wellbeing through information move and intuitive, and give upgraded access, incorporation and auspicious of top notch administrations at sensible expense. This program includes advancement of nearby wellbeing data arrange, framework to improve wellbeing treatment, Teleconsultation (TC), Continuing Medical Education (CME), Mass Customized or Personalized Health Information (MCPHIE) and Lifetime Health Plan (LHP). All these sub-applications were identified with every others. Initially, Mass Customized or Personalized Health Information. This undertaking is to give wellbeing data moderate, dependable and excellent utilizing data innovation, for example, the web, media advancements and mass correspondences. The venture will urge people to deal with their wellbeing state and thus bolster the administration way to deal with upgrade and advance their countries wellbeing. Second pilot venture is Continuing Medical Education. It was created to improve or update the human services information through far off instruction and learning exercises utilizing sight and sound innovation. The undertaking will dodge social insurance work force from goes to course offered by college and preparing universities. In this way, they would not leave their present position. There were three principle administrations offered, for example, the electronic courses, virtual library and online expert network administrations. There are two kinds of electronic courses which are formal removed learning and measured inaccessible learning. Also, virtual library were create to help the medicinal services proficient play out their day by day undertaking such offer access to the wellsprings of data by means of the web, for example, clinical diaries, digital books, clinical databases and any sources related data. Ultimately, online expert network administrations. Its capacity as use the web applications, for example, email and identified with make virtual condition for medicinal services experts to collaborate electronically. Other undertaking is teleconsultation. It gives a stage to medicinal services experts counsels their patients removed or remotely. This venture utilize a disconnected applications such email, or gadgets information trade and furthermore by means of continuous video and sound conferencing. This venture comprises of four significant parts which are cardiology, radiology, neurosurgery, and dermatology. Lifetime Health Plan likewise one of the telehealth leader pilot ventures. It was customized for the individual and use as persistent clinical consideration, illuminating the individual and human services suppliers with important clinical data to keep up condition of soundness of individual at the most elevated state. The task has three sub-application which are Clinical Support System (CSS), Healthcare Information Management and Support Services (HIMSS), and Personalized Lifetime Health (PLHP). In 2004, the application rebuilt under the Medical Services Program and the telehealth venture was assessed and the degree was revamped into the seven parts which are Lifetime Health Records (LHR), Personalized Lifetime Health Plan (PLHP), Health Online, Continuing Professional Development (CPD), Teleconsultation (TC), Call Center and Group Data Services (GDS). Later on, in 2007 the joining with Integrated Health Enterprise rearranged the telehealth structure in five parts to be specific Lifetime Health Records (LHR) and Services, Lifetime Health Plan (LHP), Health Online, Teleconsultation (TC), and Continuing Professionals Development (CPD). Proceeding with Professionals Development (CPD) is a trade for Continuin

Python vs Javascript Which is Better for your Future

Python vs Javascript Which is Better for your Future Nowadays, computer science students are getting into trouble to choose the best among the best programming language to learn. Python vs JavaScript is one of the most popular programming languages to choose from. Both are highly interactive programming language. Most of the students are still not able to differentiate between Python vs Java. But you should keep in mind that both languages have a different scope. Both of these languages have lots of career options like Python developers and JavaScript developers. Before we dig into the comparison between Python vs JavaScript, let’s have a look at the overview of these programming languages.   What is Python? Summary What is Python?What is Java-Script?Python vs Javascript for beginnersArrays, Lists, and TuplesCode BlocksFunction ArgumentsHash TablesInheritancePython vs Javascript machine learningPython vs javascript web developmentPython vs JavaScript PerformanceScalabilityNumeric TypesPython vs Javascript jobsPython JobsJavaScript JobsPython vs JavaScript SalaryConclusion Python is the most robust programming language of the 21st century so far. Besides, it is getting more popular with every passing year. It is the high-level interactive programming language. It offers dynamic semantics that are quite easy to read and implement. Python also has some features of the scripting languages. Therefore it is widely used to create web applications. In terms of a dynamic language, no one can beat Python because it supports various paradigms, likewise procedural programming, object-oriented programming, functional programming, and imperative programming. To perform different kinds of programming in Python, it offers you built-in packages and modules. Therefore you can build simple and most complex programming in Python without any hassle. What is Java-Script? JavaScript is also one of the most popular high-level interactive programming languages in the world. The main objective of JavaScript to provide dynamic functionality on web browsers. It offers the best support for standard applications with the help of text, dates, and regular expressions. JavaScript plays a crucial role in creating dynamic web pages. It has the support for functional programming and imperative programming paradigms. Without the help of JavaScript, it is quite impossible to use the dynamic functionality in the web pages. In the first use of JavaScript, most of the programmers used it for designing the front end. But nowadays, it is playing a crucial role in the backend of the webpages. It is also used as the full stack development programming language. Therefore JavaScript is not limited to the webpages. You can also create a desktop application with JavaScript.   Python vs Javascript for beginners Python is quite easy to learn as compared with JavaScript. It is one of the simples to code programming languages in the world. Python offers online documentation and community support for the programmers. Thus the programmers can learn Python quickly. Apart from that, Python syntax is similar to plain English. Therefore you do not need to learn the complex syntax to code on Python. You can run Python code in the command interpreter in windows. On the other hand, JavaScript is quite complicated as compared with Python. It has predefined syntaxes, which are hard to remember for the newbies. Apart from that, a small mistake in JavaScript will not run your script on your web browser. You need to make your logic more robust if you are going to learn JavaScript. You cant find any official resources to learn JavaScript. The best part of JavaScript code is, you can run it on any browser. You need not have an additional IDE to run JavaScript code. Arrays, Lists, and Tuples When it comes to array support, Python provides the workaround support for implementing the arrays. On the other hand, JavaScript has the best support for arrays in the form of inbuilt data types. Both Python and Java are offering excellent support for the list. Apart from that, Python and Java are also providing support for both mutable and immutable tuples.   Code Blocks Python is one of the simplest programming languages, and it uses the indentation for defining the code blocks. On the other hand, JavaScript uses the curly brackets for determining the code blocks. In Python, we use the newline as the statement terminator. On the other hand, JavaScript uses the semicolon(;) to terminate the statement.   Function Arguments Python has great support for exception handling. Suppose that you run a program with lots of functions and different parameters. Then one of your functions is called by the invalid parameters. In this case, the Python will raise an exception for this error and show it to you. Python also has some additional parameters for this. On the other hand, exception handling functionality is not available in JavaScript. It means that if the invalid parameters call your function, then JS will automatically be considered the ‘undefined’ value rather than the exception of that error. If your program has lots more additional arguments, then these kinds of arguments are known as special arguments in JavaScript.   Hash Tables Python provides the unique feature which is known as a hashtable. It gives a slight edge to Python over JavaScript. The hash table is a combination of directories and sets. On the other hand, there is nothing like a hash table in JavaScript.   Inheritance Inheritance is one of the crucial factors of object-oriented programming languages. Therefore both Python and JavaScript support inheritance. But there is still a difference between the use of inheritance in Python and JavaScript. Python uses the class-based inheritance model.  On the other hand JavaScript use prototype-based inheritance model. Python vs Javascript machine learning Python is best for machine learning. It is the most powerful programming language that can be integrated with other programming languages. Besides, Python comes with multiple modules. Most of the programming experts called it a ‘batteries-included programming languages. Python offers numerous libraries that help the programmers a lot in machine learning. Moreover, it is compatible with the latest programming language. That makes it the best programming language for machine learning as compared with JavaScript.   On the other hand, JavaScript isn’t designed for machine learning. Although it offers a limited number of modules, such as JSON and date. Therefore it is not compatible with machine learning algorithms. Python vs javascript web development Python is not directly beneficial for web development. Django is one of the most popular Python frameworks for web development. With the help of Django, you can easily do backend coding. On the other hand, JavaScript is a scripting language. It is specially designed for web development tasks. You can perform plenty of backend tasks of web development with the help of JavaScript. Python vs JavaScript Performance When we compare the performance of both of these programming languages. Then JavaScript is quite faster than Python. It is observed that the software runs on Python programming are quite slower than other software. This software takes a longer time to respond. If you want fast performance, then you should use JavaScript. Scalability Scalability is one of the crucial factors for programming languages. It is also a crucial aspect of this comparison. It means that the software or websites designed by the programming language can handle a huge number of users. And also manage a large amount of data without putting the extra load on the server. In terms of scalability, JavaScript is the clear winner. JavaScript is designed for scalability and asynchronous programming. Numeric Types Python offers almost every type of data type, i.e., int, float, char, and so on. On the other hand, JavaScript uses only floating-point variables. Python vs Javascript jobs Python and Javascript are both offering ample job opportunities to the programmers. Here are the few job opportunities for both Python and JavaScript programmers. Python Jobs Python DeveloperProduct ManagerData AnalystEducatorFinancial AdvisorsData Journalist JavaScript Jobs Front End Web DeveloperWeb Application DeveloperJavaScript DeveloperUX DesignerFull-Stack DeveloperUI Designer Python vs JavaScript Salary The entry-level python developer earns up to $78k per annum. The junior Python developer earns $89k per annum. The mid-level Python developer earns $111k per annum, and the senior python developer earns up to $122k per annum.   On the other hand, junior JavaScript developer earns up to $60k per annum. And the senior JavaScript developer can earn up to $113k per annum. Note that in this comparison, we have discussed the average salary of both the Python and JavaScript developers. But we have to keep in mind that both of these programming languages offer ample job professions. Thus the salary may vary from profession to profession.   Conclusion It is the end of our blog, what we have learned so far? Is it Python better than JavaScript or vice versa? In this blog, we have not talked about the importance of both Python and JavaScript in the field of data science. We know that Python is the most widely used programming language in the field of data science. But nowadays, JavaScript is also playing a crucial role in data science. Lots of new JavaScript frameworks are compatible with data science. If you want to be a web developer, then JavaScript is the best choice for you. If you want to get into the field of data science, then Python is the best option for you. But when we talked about the career options and average salary packages of all the career in these programming languages. Then JavaScript is the best between these two programming languages.

Practice in Supporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details

AÂ  topic sentence contains the main idea upon which a paragraph is developed. Often it appears at (or near) the beginning of a paragraph, introducing the main idea and suggesting the direction that the paragraph will take. What follows a topic sentence are a number of supporting sentences that develop the main idea with specific details. Practice Excercise Here is an effective topic sentence for a descriptive paragraph: My most valuable possession is an old, slightly warped, blond guitar—the first instrument that I ever taught myself how to play. This sentence not only identifies the prized belonging (an old, slightly warped, blond guitar) but also suggests why the writer values it (the first instrument that I ever taught myself how to play). Some of the sentences below support this topic sentence with specific descriptive details. Others, however, offer information that would be inappropriate in a unified descriptive paragraph. Read the sentences carefully, and then pick out only those that support the topic sentence with precise descriptive details. When youre done, compare your responses with the suggested answers below: It is a Madeira folk guitar, all scuffed and scratched and finger-printed.My grandparents gave it to me on my thirteenth birthday.I think they bought it at the Music Lovers Shop in Rochester where they used to live.At the top is a bramble of copper-wound strings, each one hooked through the eye of a silver tuning key.Although copper strings are much harder on the fingers than nylon strings, they sound much better than the nylon ones.The strings are stretched down a long slim neck.The frets on the neck are tarnished, and the wood has been worn down by years of fingers pressing chords.It was three months before I could even tune the guitar properly, and another few months before I could manage the basic chords.You have to be very patient when first learning how to play the guitar.You should set aside a certain time each day for practice.The body of the Madeira is shaped like an enormous yellow pear, one that has been slightly damaged in shipping.A guitar can be awkward to hold, particu larly if it seems bigger than you are, but you need to learn how to hold it properly if youre ever going to play it right.I usually play sitting down because its more comfortable that way.The blond wood has been chipped and gouged to gray, particularly where the pick guard fell off years ago.I have a Gibson now and hardly ever play the Madeira any more. Suggested Answers The following sentences support the topic sentence with precise descriptive details: 1. It is a Madeira folk guitar, all scuffed and scratched and finger-printed. 4. At the top is a bramble of copper-wound strings, each one hooked through the eye of a silver tuning key. 6. The strings are stretched down a long slim neck. 7. The frets on the neck are tarnished, and the wood has been worn down by years of fingers pressing chords. 11. The body of the Madeira is shaped like an enormous yellow pear, one that has been slightly damaged in shipping. 14. The blond wood has been chipped and gouged to gray, particularly where the pick guard fell off years ago.

Conjugation Table for the Italian Verb Visitare

Banks of India and Bank Free Essays

string(70) " posed by the technology and any other external and internal factors\." Project Report On CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CORPORATE GUIDE FACULTY GUIDE Mr. Ravi Parmar Mr. Rajnish mallick Relationship Manager Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the requirement of Post Graduate Diploma in management Submitted By Ankur Singh PGDM-III, Semester Batch- 2008-10 Roll no. We will write a custom essay sample on Banks of India and Bank or any similar topic only for you Order Now 014908005 Centre for Management Technology Knowledge Park I Gr. Noida Acknowledgements If words are considered to be signs of gratitude then let these words Convey the very same My sincere gratitude to ICICI BANK for providing me with an opportunity to work with BANK and giving necessary directions on doing this project to the best of my abilities. I am highly indebted to Mr. Remay Verma, Branch Manager and Mr. Ravi Parmar (RM) company project guide, who has provided me with the necessary information and also for the support extended out to me in the completion of this report and his valuable suggestion and comments on bringing out this report in the best way possible. I also thank Prof. Anant Jyoti,(HOD of PGDM), who has sincerely supported me with the valuable insights into the completion of this project. I am grateful to all faculty members of C-Mat and my friends who have helped me in the successful completion of this project. | CONTENTS| | Sr. No. | Subject Covered| Page No. | 1| Acknowledgements| 2| 2| Executive Summary| 4| 3| My Project Objective| 7| 4| Banking Structure in India| 8| 5| Introduction| 9| 6| History of Banking in India| 10| 7| Bank In India| 17| 8| Fact Files of Banks in India| 19| 9| Indian Banking Industries| 26| 10| ICICI Bank | 28| 11| ICICI Group | 33| 2| Technology used in ICICI Bank| 39| 13| Product and Customer segments | 41| 11| Product| 44| 14| SWOT Analysis | 55| 15| Research Methodology| 57| 16| Company Efforts To Ensure Customer Satisfaction | 59| 17| Data Analysis | 69| 18| Comparison With SBI| 79| 19| SWOT Analysis(comparative)| 87| 20 | Questionnaire | 93| 21| Finding | 98| 22 | Suggestion | 99| 23 | Conclusion| 102| 24| Bibliogr aphy| 103| | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Private banking is a concept which is new and fast emerging in the world of banking where changes have become a necessity in order for banks to survive n this competitive environment vis-a-vis not only from the public and private sector banks but also from the foreign banks. The objective of the research is to explore the various products, which a private banker deals into and the systematic process involved to match client requirements with the right kind of product. Through this research one of the main objectives is to explore the reason why most of the banks are injecting private banking as business profile to their set of service offerings. Though private banking evolved in late 80’s in Asia, in India its not more than 5 years old. ICICI started it in Aug 2002 and since then it has been a remarkable success. Today there are enormous solutions to cater client needs but what suits best to a client is where private banking fits in. Every client will have different needs, liking and preferences. So a customized portfolio for every client is the need of the day. This research will highlight more on the product portfolio of ICICI Private Banking, how they have changed or innovatively structured to be attractive and competitive. Research objective 1. To draw the comparative analysis of ICICI BANK Ltd with SBI etc. 2. To identify the major attributes of customer satisfaction. 3. To study customer perception about ICICI BANK Ltd. 4. To identify and study the various ways of ensuring customer satisfaction adopted by ICICI BANK Vs HDFC SBI. ————————————————- BANKING STRUCTURE IN INDIA Scheduled Banks in India (A) Scheduled Commercial Banks Public sector Banks| Private sector Banks| Foreign Banks in India| Regional Rural Bank| (28)| (27)| (29)| (102)| * Nationalized Bank * Other Public Sector Banks (IDBI) * SBI and its Associates| * Old Private Banks * New Private Banks| | | B) Scheduled Cooperative Banks Scheduled Urban Cooperative Banks (55)| Scheduled State Cooperative Banks (31)| Here we more concerned about private sector banks and competition among them. Today, there are 27 private sector banks in the banking sector: 19 old private sector banks and 8 new private sector banks. These ne w banks have brought in state-of-the-art technology and aggressively marketed their products. The Public sector banks are facing a stiff competition from the new private sector banks. The banks which have been setup in the 1990s under the guidelines of the Narasimham Committee are referred to as NEW PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS. introduction The banking section will navigate through all the aspects of the Banking System in India. It will discuss upon the matters with the birth of the banking concept in the country to new players adding their names in the industry in coming few years. The banker of all banks, Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Indian Banks Association (IBA) and top 20 banks like IDBI, HSBC, ICICI, ABN AMRO, etc. as been well defined under three separate heads with one page dedicated to each bank. However, in the introduction part of the entire banking cosmos, the past has been well explained under three different heads namely: * History of Banking in India * Nationalization of Banks in India * Scheduled Commercial Banks in India The first deals with the history part since the dawn of banking system in India. Government took major step in the 1969 to put the banking sector into systems and it nationalized 14 private banks in the mentioned year. This has been elaborated in Nationalization Banks in India. The last but not the least explains about the scheduled and unscheduled banks in India. Section 42 (6) (a) of RBI Act 1934 lays down the condition of scheduled commercial banks. The descriptions along with a list of scheduled commercial banks are given on this page. * HISTORY OF BANKING IN INDIA Without a sound and effective banking system in India it cannot have a healthy economy. The banking system of India should not only be hassle free but it should be able to meet new challenges posed by the technology and any other external and internal factors. You read "Banks of India and Bank" in category "Essay examples" For the past three decades India’s banking system has several outstanding achievements to its credit. The most striking is its extensive reach. It is no longer confined to only metropolitans or cosmopolitans in India. In fact, Indian banking system has reached even to the remote corners of the country. This is one of the main reasons of India’s growth process. The government’s regular policy for Indian bank since 1969 has paid rich dividends with the nationalization of 14 major private banks of India. Not long ago, an account holder had to wait for hours at the bank counters for getting a draft or for withdrawing his own money. Today, he has a choice. Gone are days when the most efficient bank transferred money from one branch to other in two days. Now it is simple as instant messaging or dial a pizza. Money have become the order of the day. The first bank in India, though conservative, was established in 1786. From 1786 till today, the journey of Indian Banking System can be segregated into three distinct phases. They are as mentioned below: * Early phase from 1786 to 1969 of Indian Banks Nationalization of Indian Banks and up to 1991 prior to Indian banking sector Reforms. * New phase of Indian Banking System with the advent of Indian Financial ; Banking Sector Reforms after 1991. To make this write-up more explanatory, I prefix the scenario as Phase I, Phase II and Phase III. Phase I The General Bank of India was set up in the year 1786. Next came Bank of Hindustan and Bengal B ank. The East India Company established Bank of Bengal (1809), Bank of Bombay (1840) and Bank of Madras (1843) as independent units and called it Presidency Banks. These three banks were amalgamated in 1920 and Imperial Bank of India was established which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholders. In 1865 Allahabad Bank was established and first time exclusively by Indians, Punjab National Bank Ltd. was set up in 1894 with headquarters at Lahore. Between 1906 and 1913, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Indian Bank, and Bank of Mysore were set up. Reserve Bank of India came in 1935. During the first phase the growth was very slow and banks also experienced periodic failures between 1913 and 1948. There were approximately 1100 banks, mostly small. To streamline the functioning and activities of commercial banks, the Government of India came up with The Banking Companies Act, 1949 which was later changed to Banking Regulation Act 1949 as per amending Act of 1965 (Act No. 23 of 1965). Reserve Bank of India was vested with extensive powers for the supervision of banking in India as the Central Banking Authority. During those day’s public has lesser confidence in the banks. As an aftermath deposit mobilization was slow. Abreast of it the savings bank facility provided by the Postal department was comparatively safer. Moreover, funds were largely given to traders. Phase II Government took major steps in this Indian Banking Sector Reform after independence. In 1955, it nationalized Imperial Bank of India with extensive banking facilities on a large scale especially in rural and semi-urban areas. It formed State Bank of India to act as the principal agent of RBI and to handle banking transactions of the Union and State Governments all over the country. Seven banks forming subsidiary of State Bank of India was nationalized in 1960 on 19th July, 1969, major process of nationalization was carried out. It was the effort of the then Prime Minister of India, Mrs. Indira Gandhi. 14 major commercial banks in the country was nationalized. Second phase of nationalization Indian Banking Sector Reform was carried out in 1980 with seven more banks. This step brought 80% of the banking segment in India under Government ownership. The following are the steps taken by the Government of India to Regulate Banking Institutions in the Country: * 1949: Enactment of Banking Regulation Act. * 1955: Nationalization of State Bank of India. * 1959: Nationalization of SBI subsidiaries. 1961: Insurance cover extended to deposits. * 1969: Nationalization of 14 major banks. * 1971: Creation of credit guarantee corporation. * 1975: Creation of regional rural banks. * 1980: Nationalization of seven banks with deposits over 200 crore. After the nationalization of banks, the branches of the public sector bank India rose to approximately 800% in deposits and advances took a huge jump by 11,000%. Banking in the s unshine of Government ownership gave the public implicit faith and immense confidence about the sustainability of these institutions. Phase III This phase has introduced many more products and facilities in the banking sector in its reforms measure. In 1991, under the chairmanship of M Narasimham, a committee was set up by his name which worked for the liberalization of banking practices. The country is flooded with foreign banks and their ATM stations. Efforts are being put to give a satisfactory service to customers. Phone banking and net banking is introduced. The entire system became more convenient and swift. Time is given more importance than money. The financial system of India has shown a great deal of resilience. It is sheltered from any crisis triggered by any external macroeconomics shock as other East Asian Countries suffered. This is all due to a flexible exchange rate regime, the foreign reserves are high, the capital account is not yet fully convertible, and banks and their customers have limited foreign exchange exposure. BANKS IN INDIA In India the banks are being segregated in different groups. Each group has their own benefits and limitations in operating in India. Each has their own dedicated target market. Few of them only work in rural sector while others in both rural as well as urban. Many even are only catering in cities. Some are of Indian origin and some are foreign players. All these details and many more is discussed over here. The banks and its relation with the customers, their mode of operation, the names of banks under different groups and other such useful information’s are talked about. One more section has been taken note of is the upcoming foreign banks in India. The RBI has shown certain interest to involve more of foreign banks than the existing one recently. This step has paved a way for few more foreign banks to start business in India. Major Banks in India| ABN-AMRO Bank * Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank * American Express Bank * Andhra Bank * Allahabad Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharastra * Bank of Punjab * Bank of Rajasthan * Bank of Ceylon * BNP Paribas Bank * Canara Bank * Catholic Syrian Bank * Central Bank of India * Centurion Bank * China Trust Commercial Bank * Citi Bank * City Union Bank * Corporation Bank * Dena B ank * Deutsche Bank * Development Credit Bank * Dhanalakshmi Bank * Federal Bank * HDFC Bank * HSBC ICICI Bank * IDBI Bank * Indian Bank | * Indian Overseas Bank * IndusInd Bank * ING Vysya Bank * Jammu ; Kashmir Bank * JPMorgan Chase Bank * Karnataka Bank * Karur Vysya Bank * Laxmi Vilas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce * Punjab National Bank * Punjab ; Sind Bank * Scotia Bank * South Indian Bank * Standard Chartered Bank * State Bank of India (SBI) * State Bank of Bikaner ; Jaipur * State Bank of Hyderabad * State Bank of Indore * State Bank of Mysore * State Bank of Saurastra * State Bank of Travancore * Syndicate Bank * Taib Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * United Bank Of India * United Western Bank * UTI Bank | Fact Files of Banks in India The first, the oldest, the largest, the biggest, get all such types of information’s about Banking in India in this section. The first bank in India to be given an ISO Certification| Canara Bank| The first bank in Northern India to get ISO 9002 certification for their selected branches| Punjab and Sind Bank| The first Indian bank to have been started solely with Indian capital| Punjab National Bank| The first among the private sector banks in Kerala to become a scheduled bank in 1946 under the RBI Act| South Indian Bank| India’s oldest, largest and most successful commercial bank, offering the widest possible range of domestic, international and NRI products and services, through its vast network in India and overseas| State Bank of India| India’s second largest private sector bank and is now the largest scheduled commercial bank in India| The Federal Bank Limited| Bank which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholders| Imperial Bank of India| The first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974| Bank of India, founded in 1906 in Mumbai| The oldest Public Sector Bank in India having branches all over India and serving the customers for the last 132 years| Allahabad Bank| The first Indian commercial bank which was wholly owned and managed by Indians| Central Bank of India| | | Bank of India was founded in 1906 in Mumbai. It became the first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974. PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS Among the Public Sector Banks in India, United Bank of India is one of the 14 major banks, which were nationalized on July 19, 1969. Its predecessor, in the Public Sector Banks, the United Bank of India Ltd. , was formed in 1950 with the amalgamation of four banks viz. Camilla Banking Corporation Ltd. (1914), Bengal Central Bank Ltd. (1918), Camilla Union Bank Ltd. (1922) and Hooghly Bank Ltd. (1932). Oriental Bank of Commerce (OBC), Government of India Undertaking offers Domestic, NRI and Commercial banking services. OBC is implementing a GRAMEEN PROJECT in Dehradun District (UP) and Hanumangarh District (Rajasthan) disbursing small loans. This Public Sector Bank India has implemented 14 point action plan for strengthening of credit delivery to women and has designated 5 branches as specialized branches for women entrepreneurs. The following are the list of Public Sector Banks in India * Allahabad Bank * Andhra Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharastra * Canara Bank * Central Bank of India * Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * Indian Bank * Indian Overseas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce Punjab ; Sind Bank * Punjab National Bank * Syndicate Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * Vijaya Bank List of State Bank of India and its subsidiary, a Public Sector Banks * State Bank of India * State Bank of Bikaner ; Jaipur * State Bank of Hyderabad * St ate Bank of Indore * State Bank of Mysore * State Bank of Saurastra * State Bank of Travancore PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS: Private banking in India was practiced since the beginning of banking system in India. The first private bank in India to be set up in Private Sector Banks in India was IndusInd Bank. It is one of the fastest growing Bank Private Sector Banks in India. IDBI ranks the tenth largest development bank in the world as Private Banks in India and has promoted world class institutions in India. The first Private Bank in India to receive an in principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India was Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited, to set up a bank in the private sector banks in India as part of the RBI’s liberalization of the Indian Banking Industry. It was incorporated in August 1994 as HDFC Bank Limited with registered office in Mumbai and commenced operations as Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995. ING Vysya, yet another Private Bank of India was incorporated in the year 1930. Bangalore has a pride of place for having the first branch inception in the year 1934. With successive years of patronage and constantly setting new standards in banking, ING Vysya Bank has many credits to its account. List of Private Banks in India * Bank of Punjab * Bank of Rajasthan * Catholic Syrian Bank * Centurion Bank * City Union Bank * Dhanalakshmi Bank * Development Credit Bank * Federal Bank * HDFC Bank * ICICI Bank * IDBI Bank * IndusInd Bank * ING Vysya Bank * Jammu Kashmir Bank * Karnataka Bank * Karur Vysya Bank * Laxmi Vilas Bank * South Indian Bank * United Western Bank INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRY The Indian banking market is growing at an astonishing rate, with Assets expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010. An expanding economy, middle class, and technological innovations are all contributing to this growth. The country’s middle class accounts for over 320 million People. In correlation with the growth of the economy, rising income levels, increased standard of living, and affordability of banking products are promising factors for continued expansion. The Indian banking market is growing at an astonishing rate, with Assets expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010. An expanding economy, middle class, and technological innovations are all contributing to this growth. The Indian banking Industry is in the middle of an IT revolution, Focusing on the expansion of retail and rural banking. Players are becoming increasingly customer – centric in their approach, which has resulted in innovative methods of offering new banking products and services. Banks are now realizing the importance of being a big player and are beginning to focus their attention on mergers and acquisitions to take advantage of economies of scale and/or comply with Basel II regulation. â€Å"Indian banking industry assets are expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010 and are poised to receive a greater infusion of foreign capital,† says Prathima Rajan, analyst in Celent’s banking group and author of the report. â€Å"The banking industry should focus on having a small number of large players that can compete globally rather than having a large number of fragmented players. † | | Type| Private, BSE NSE, NYSE| Founded| 1955 (as Industrial credit and Investment corporation of India)| Headquarters| ICICI Bank Ltd. , ICICI Bank Towers, Bandra Kurla Mumbai, India| Key people| N Vaghul, K. V. Kamath, Chanda Kochhar, V Vaidyanathan, Madhabi Puri | Industry| Banking Insurance Capital Markets and allied industries| Products| Loans, Credit Cards, Savings, Investment vehicles, Insurance etc. | Revenue| ^ USD 5. 79 billion| Total assets| Rs. 3,997. 95 billion (US$ 100 billion) at March 31, 2008. | Overview ICICI Bank (formerly Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India). ICICI Limited was established in 1955 by the World Bank, the Government of India and the Indian Industry, for the promotion of industrial development in India by giving project and corporate finance to the industries in India. ICICI Bank has grown from a development bank to a financial conglomerate and has become one of the largest public financial institutions in India. ICICI Bank has financed all the major sectors of the economy, covering 6,848 companies and 16,851 projects. As of March 31, 2000, ICICI had disbursed a total of Rs. 1,13,070 crores, since inception. ICICI Bank Fact Files: Total assets: Rs. 146,214 crore (December 31, 2004) Network: 530 branches ATMs: Over 1,880 Abroad Subsidiaries: United Kingdom and Canada Abroad branches: Singapore and Bahrain Representative offices: United States, China, United Arab Emirates, and Bangladesh and South Africa. ICICI Bank is India’s second-largest bank with total assets of about Rs. 2,513. 89 bn (US$ 56. 3 bn) at March 31, 2006 and profit after tax of Rs. 25. 40 bn (US$ 569 mn) for the year ended March 31, 2006 (Rs. 20. 05 bn (US$ 449 mn) for the year ended March 31, 2005). ICICI Bank has a network of about 614 branches and extension counters and over 2,200 ATMs. ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialized subsidiaries and affiliates in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management. ICICI Bank set up its international banking group in fiscal 2002 to cater to the cross border needs of clients and leverage on its domestic banking strengths to offer products internationally. ICICI Bank (BSE: ICICI) ( Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India) is India’s largest private sector bank in market capitalization and second largest overall in terms of assets. Bank has total assets of about USD 100 billion (at the end of March 2008), a network of over 1,491 branches, 22 regional offices and 49 regional processing centers, about 4,485 ATMs (at the end of September 2008), and 24 million customers (at the end of July 2007). ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and specialized subsidiaries and affiliates in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management. (These data are dynamic. ) ICICI Bank is also the largest issuer of credit cards in India. ICICI Bank has got its equity shares listed on the stock exchanges at Kolkata and Vadodara, Mumbai and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited, and its ADRs on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The Bank is expanding in overseas markets and has the largest international balance sheet among Indian banks. ICICI Bank now has wholly-owned subsidiaries, branches and representatives offices in 18 countries, including an offshore unit in Mumbai. This includes wholly owned subsidiaries in Canada, Russia and the UK (the subsidiary through which the hisave savings brand is operated), offshore banking units in Bahrain and Singapore, an advisory branch in Dubai, branches in Belgium, Hong Kong and Sri Lanka, and representative offices in Bangladesh, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, South Africa, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and USA. Overseas, the Bank is targeting the NRI (Non-Resident Indian) population in particular. ICICI reported a 1. 15% rise in net profit to Rs. 1,014. 21 crore on a 1. 29% increase in total income to Rs. 9,712. 31 crore in Q2 September 2008 over Q2 September 2007. The bank’s current and savings account (CASA) ratio increased to 30% in 2008 from 25% in 2007. ICICI Bank currently has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia and Canada, branches in Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka and Dubai International Finance Center and representative offices in the United States, United Arab Emirates, China, South Africa and Bangladesh. Our UK subsidiary has established a branch in Belgium. ICICI Bank is the most valuable bank in India in terms of market capitalization. ICICI Bank’s equity shares are listed in India on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). ICICI Bank has formulated a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for its Directors and employees. At June 5, 2006, ICICI Bank, with free float market capitalization of about Rs. 480. 00 billion (US$ 10. 8 billion) ranked third amongst all the companies listed on the Indian stock exchanges. ICICI Bank was originally promoted in 1994 by ICICI Limited, an Indian financial Institution, and was its wholly owned subsidiary. ICICI’s shareholding in ICICI Bank was reduced to 46% through a public offering of shares in India in fiscal 1998, an equity offering in the form of ADRs listed on the NYSE in fiscal 2000, ICICI Bank’s acquisition of Bank of Madura Limited in an all-stock amalgamation in fiscal 2001, and secondary market sales by ICICI to institutional investors in fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2002. ICICI was formed in 1955 at the initiative of The World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry. The principal objective was to create a development financial institution for Providing medium-term and long-term project financing to Indian businesses. In the 1990s, ICICI transformed its business from a development financial institution offering only project finance to a diversified financial service group offering a wide variety of products and services, both directly and through a number of subsidiaries and affiliates like ICICI Bank. In 1999, ICICI become the first Indian company and the first bank or financial institution from non-Japan Asia to be listed on the NYSE. In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. The merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002, by the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmadabad in March 2002, and by the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002. Consequent to the merger, the ICICI group’s financing and banking Operations, both wholesale and retail, have been integrated in a single entity. Free float holding excludes all promoter holdings, strategic investments and Cross holdings among  Ã‚  Ã‚   public sector entities. BUSINESS OBJECTIVES Vision To be the leading provider of financial services in India and a major global bank. Mission We will leverage our people, technology, speed and financial capital to: be the banker of first choice for our custome rs by delivering high quality, world-class service. * Expand the frontiers of our business globally. * Play a proactive role in the full realisation of India’s potential. * maintain a healthy financial profile and diversify our earnings across businesses and geographies. * Maintain high standards of governance and ethics. * Contribute positively to the various countries and markets in which we operate. * Create value for our stakeholders. * Product and Services Service and banking of ICICI bank categorized in to personal banking, business banking and NRI banking services. Personal banking- Deposit in form of saving, recurring, term deposit, senior itizen deposit and children depository account are there for individual customer can also avail of their housing, automobile, farm equipment, business or personal loan scheme. Personal client can also invest in mutual funds and participate in stock trading through ICICI bank. Business banking  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Business banking services of ICICI Bank are exhaustive. Project financing, deal assessment, and land evaluation are investment banking services offered to corporate clients. Global trade and cash management transaction services facilitate remittances and receipts across important cities. Capital market and custodial services enable business houses to participate in equity trading and transfer across major stock markets of world. Customer ICICI bank targets all segment of customer with various types of products and services. I interacted with a a lot of customers and collect their feedback on the given services of company, and feedback are positive response from all point of view. Customers are beneficiary from both sides monetary as well as non monetary. The bank targets to add nearly 500,000 customers under the new scheme in the next one year and plans to offer auto loans through the new online channel in the future, ICICI Bank’s Executive Director, V Vaidyanathan, said here. â€Å"As of now, nearly 24 per cent of our customer transactions are happening through internet. We are primarily targeting our urban customers, who constitute nearly 70 per cent of our total customer-base,† Vaidyanathan said. Customers, opting for the service can also benefit from the quantum optima facility, wherein if the balance exceeds Rs 5,000, the money will automatically be transferred to a fixed deposit scheme, he said. The facility, which also enable customers to transact between an ICICI Bank account and accounts in other banks, is being offered free of cost, he said ICICI bank, presently, has above 2 crore customers. The lender opened nearly 470 branches in the last fiscal. The lender has also plans to launch ‘SMS n Cash’ scheme later this week under which ICICI account holders can transfer funds to those who do not have a bank account. ICICI bank is strongly committed to protecting the privacy of its customers and has taken all necessary and reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of the customer information and its transmission through the world wide web and it shall not be held liable for disclosure of the confidential information when in accordance with this privacy commitment or in terms of the agreements, if any, with the customers. ICICI bank Endeavour’s to safeguard and ensure the security of the information provided by the customer. ICICI bank uses 128-bit encryption, for the transmission of the information, which is currently the permitted level of encryption in India. When the information provided by the customers is not transmitted through this encryption, the customer’s system (if configured accordingly) will display an appropriate message ensuring the best level of secrecy for the customer’s information. The customer would be required to cooperate with ICICI bank in order to ensure the security of the information, and it is recommended that the customers necessarily choose their passwords carefully such that no unauthorized access is made by a third party. To make the password complex and difficult for others to guess, the customers should use combination of alphabets, numbers and special characters (like! @, #, $ etc. ). The customers should undertake not to disclose their password to anyone or keep any written or other record of the password such that a third party could access it. * ICICI bank undertakes not to disclose the information provided by the customers to any person, unless such action is necessary to: * Conform to legal requirements or comply with legal process; * Protect and defend ICICI bank’s or its affiliates rights, interests or property; * Enforce the terms and conditions of the products or services; or * Act to protect the interests of ICICI bank, its affiliates, or its members, constituents or of other persons. Competitor The main competitor of is ICICI bank is SBI because this bank is totally taken by government after this bank HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank . There are different types of segment operation semment, investment and services, demat and NRI services. The competitor from the operation segment are State Bank of India(SBI), Axis, Housing Development and Financial corporation(HDFC) etc. From the investment And service sector HDFC standard life insurance corporation, Bharati Axa life insurance ,Reliance Life Insurance Corporation, Max new work life insurance SBI Life insurance,Life Insurance Corporation of India. In demat section India bull,Anangram,SBI,HDFC,India Infoline are the main competitor of ICICI bank. In the NRI service section the Western Union bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. There are some other company who also compete with the ICICI bank After the SBI the HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. HDFC Bank Ltd. is a commercial bank of India, incorporated in August 1994, after the Reserve Bank of India allowed establishing private sector banks. The Bank was promoted by the Housing Development Finance Corporation, a premier housing finance company (set up in 1977) of India. HDFC Bank has 1,500 branches and over 2,890 ATMs, in 530 cities in India, and all branches of the bank are linked on an online real-time basis. As of September 30, 2008 the bank had total assets of INR 1006. 82 billion. State Bank of India is the largest bank in India. It is also, measured by the number of branch offices and employees, the second largest bank in the world. [citation needed] The bank traces its ancestry back through the Imperial Bank of India to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the Indian Subcontinent. The Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India in 1955, with the Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the Government took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India. SBI provides a range of banking products through its vast network in India and overseas, including products aimed at NRIs. With an asset base of $126 billion and its reach, it is a regional banking behemoth. SBI has laid emphasis on reducing the huge manpower through Golden handshake schemes and computerizing its operations. The State Bank Group, with over 16000 branches , has the largest branch network in India. It has a market share among Indian commercial banks of about 20% in deposits and advances, and SBI accounts for almost one-fifth of the nation’s loans. There are some other banks which gives challenging some how in the banking and service sectorthey are: * Allahabad Bank * Andhra Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharashtra * Canara Bank * Central Bank of India Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * IDBI Bank * Indian Bank * Indian Overseas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce * Punjab Sind Bank * Punjab National Bank * Syndicate Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * Vijaya Bank Environment An employer the bank extends a lot of authority along with justified a ccountability to you. The working culture is very collaborative in nature. It can be owed to the fact that the bank is highly segmented with a lot of overlapping and mostly distinct roles and responsibility. ICICI Bank has established itself as a one stop solution (Universal Bank) for all financial need of individuals and institutions alike. The credit for the same can be attributed to its vast network, probably the largest among private sector banks. This makes the life of an employee a lot easier, especially for those who face the external customers. You do not have to justify your organization, it is only the product that has to be pitched. As far as employee benefits are concerned, ICICI Bank offers a lot of financial benefits ranging from your family health insurance to your kids school donations. The organization is sensitive to the needs of its employees as this quality is one of the building blocks (DNA) of the organizational culture. The organization will be giving you enough flexibility to innovate and come-up with new ideas. It will also exhibit its in terms of well laid systems, processes and infrastructure. It will extend a fast track growth for those with extraordinary talent at the same time offer stability to those who are able to deliver satisfactorily. Overall, I would say it’s a lifetime experience to work with such a behemoth organization. It might not be the best paymaster but it definitely will impress you with its capability as the head master (Principal) of banking industry. there are huge competition between the eployee to achieve theo goal. BUSINESS OBJECTIVES: Vision To be the leading provider of financial services in India and a major global bank. Mission We will leverage our people, technology, speed and financial capital to: be the banker of first choice for our customers by delivering high quality, world-class service. * expand the frontiers of our business globally. * play a proactive role in the full realisation of India’s potential. * maintain a healthy financial prof ile and diversify our earnings across businesses and geographies. * maintain high standards of governance and ethics. * contribute positively to the various countries and markets in which we operate. * create value for our stakeholders. Product and Services Service and banking of ICICI bank categorized in to personal banking, business banking and NRI banking services. Personal banking- Deposit in form of saving, recurring, term deposit, senior citizen deposit and children depository account are there for individual customer can also avail of their housing, automobile, farm equipment, business or personal loan scheme. Personal client can also invest in mutual funds and participate in stock trading through ICICI bank. Business banking  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Business banking services of ICICI Bank are exhaustive. Project financing, deal assessment, and land evaluation are investment banking services offered to corporate clients. Global trade and cash management transaction services facilitate remittances and receipts across important cities. Capital market and custodial services enable business houses to participate in equity trading and transfer across major stock markets of world. CUSTOMER ICICI bank targets all segment of customer with various types of products and services. I interacted with a a lot of customers and collect their feedback on the given services of company, and feedback are positive response from all point of view. Customers are beneficiary from both sides monetary as well as non monetary. The bank targets to add nearly 500,000 customers under the new scheme in the next one year and plans to offer auto loans through the new online channel in the future, ICICI Bank’s Executive Director, V Vaidyanathan, said here. â€Å"As of now, nearly 24 per cent of our customer transactions are happening through internet. We are primarily targeting our urban customers, who constitute nearly 70 per cent of our total customer-base,† Vaidyanathan said. Customers, opting for the service can also benefit from the quantum optima facility, wherein if the balance exceeds Rs 5,000, the money will automatically be transferred to a fixed deposit scheme, he said. The facility, which also enable customers to transact between an ICICI Bank account and accounts in other banks, is being offered free of cost, he said ICICI bank, presently, has above 2 crore customers. The lender opened nearly 470 branches in the last fiscal. The lender has also plans to launch ‘SMS n Cash’ scheme later this week under which ICICI account holders can transfer funds to those who do not have a bank account. ICICI bank is strongly committed to protecting the privacy of its customers and has taken all necessary and reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of the customer information and its transmission through the world wide web and it shall not be held liable for disclosure of the confidential information when in accordance with this privacy commitment or in terms of the agreements, if any, with the customers. ICICI bank Endeavour’s to safeguard and ensure the security of the information provided by the customer. ICICI bank uses 128-bit encryption, for the transmission of the information, which is currently the permitted level of encryption in India. When the information provided by the customers is not transmitted through this encryption, the customer’s system (if configured accordingly) will display an appropriate message ensuring the best level of secrecy for the customer’s information. The customer would be required to cooperate with ICICI bank in order to ensure the security of the information, and it is recommended that the customers necessarily choose their passwords carefully such that no unauthorized access is made by a third party. To make the password complex and difficult for others to guess, the customers should use combination of alphabets, numbers and special characters (like! @, #, $ etc. ). The customers should undertake not to disclose their password to anyone or keep any written or other record of the password such that a third party could access it. ICICI bank undertakes not to disclose the information provided by the customers to any person, unless such action is necessary to: * Conform to legal requirements or comply with legal process; * Protect and defend ICICI bank’s or its affiliates rights, interests or property; * Enforce the terms and conditions of the products or services; or * Act to protect the interests of ICICI bank, its affiliates, or its members, constituents or of other persons. COMPETITOR The main competitor of is ICICI bank is SBI because this bank is totally taken by government after this bank HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank . There are different types of segment operation semment, investment and services, demat and NRI services. The competitor from the operation segment are State Bank of India(SBI), Axis, Housing Development and Financial corporation(HDFC) etc. From the investment And service sector HDFC standard life insurance corporation, Bharati Axa life insurance ,Reliance Life Insurance Corporation, Max new work life insurance SBI Life insurance,Life Insurance Corporation of India. In demat section India bull,Anangram,SBI,HDFC,India Infoline are the main competitor of ICICI bank. In the NRI service section the Western Union bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. There are some other company who also compete with the ICICI bank After the SBI the HDFC bank is the main competitor of ICICI bank. HDFC Bank Ltd. is a commercial bank of India, incorporated in August 1994, after the Reserve Bank of India allowed establishing private sector banks. The Bank was promoted by the Housing Development Finance Corporation, a premier housing finance company (set up in 1977) of India. HDFC Bank has 1,500 branches and over 2,890 ATMs, in 530 cities in India, and all branches of the bank are linked on an online real-time basis. As of September 30, 2008 the bank had total assets of INR 1006. 82 billion. State Bank of India is the largest bank in India. It is also, measured by the number of branch offices and employees, the second largest bank in the world. [citation needed] The bank traces its ancestry back through the Imperial Bank of India to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the Indian Subcontinent. The Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India in 1955, with the Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the Government took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India. SBI provides a range of banking products through its vast network in India and overseas, including products aimed at NRIs. With an asset base of $126 billion and its reach, it is a regional banking behemoth. SBI has laid emphasis on reducing the huge manpower through Golden handshake schemes and computerizing its operations. The State Bank Group, with over 16000 branches , has the largest branch network in India. It has a market share among Indian commercial banks of about 20% in deposits and advances, and SBI accounts for almost one-fifth of the nation’s loans. There are some other banks which gives challenging some how in the banking and service sectorthey are: * Allahabad Bank * Andhra Bank * Bank of Baroda * Bank of India * Bank of Maharashtra * Canara Bank * Central Bank of India * Corporation Bank * Dena Bank * IDBI Bank * Indian Bank * Indian Overseas Bank * Oriental Bank of Commerce * Punjab Sind Bank * Punjab National Bank * Syndicate Bank * UCO Bank * Union Bank of India * United Bank of India * Vijaya Bank ENVIRONMENT An employer the bank extends a lot of authority along with justified accountability to you. The working culture is very collaborative in nature. It can be owed to the fact that the bank is highly segmented with a lot of overlapping and mostly distinct roles and responsibility. ICICI Bank has established itself as a one stop solution (Universal Bank) for all financial need of individuals and institutions alike. The credit for the same can be attributed to its vast network, probably the largest among private sector banks. This makes the life of an employee a lot easier, especially for those who face the external customers. You do not have to justify your organization, it is only the product that has to be pitched. As far as employee benefits are concerned, ICICI Bank offers a lot of financial benefits ranging from your family health insurance to your kids school donations. The organization is sensitive to the needs of its employees as this quality is one of the building blocks (DNA) of the organizational culture. The organization will be giving you enough flexibility to innovate and come-up with new ideas. It will also exhibit its in terms of well laid systems, processes and infrastructure. It will extend a fast track growth for those with extraordinary talent at the same time offer stability to those who are able to deliver satisfactorily. Overall, I would say it’s a lifetime experience to work with such a behemoth organization. It might not be the best paymaster but it definitely will impress you with its capability as the head master (Principal) of banking industry. there are huge competition between the eployee to achieve theo goal. TECHNOLOGY ICICI use many type of advance technological software like Pinnacle 7. 0 and Pinnacle7. 016. Among from this software ICICI bank uses the e-banking, core banking, mobile banking electronic display sy ICICI Bank was using Teradata for its data warehouse. However, due to its proprietary hardware, the cost of procurement, upgrades and administration was soaring. The closed box architecture of Teradata imposed restrictions on scalability. Secondly, querying and loading could not happen simultaneously. Queries could only be run during business hours because the loading of data had to take place during off-business hours. This meant that the refresh rate of EDW was delayed, so queries may not reflect the most current data. ICICI Bank was also dependent on Teradata for support and other activities: The bank was completely tied down to that solution. These issues compelled ICICI Bank to look for more efficient and flexible solutions. The solution would have to address not only current issues, but accommodate future growth expectations and business requirements. ICICI Bank evaluated numerous data warehousing solutions in the pursuit of solving its issues, and developed a shortlist of alternatives for its migration proof-of-concept: Sybase, SAS and Netezza. The primary criteria for evaluation was the price-to-performance ratio where Sybase IQ emerged the clear winner. During this rigorous testing, Sybase IQ delivered faster results on independent hardware and operating systems with minimum infrastructure. Commending the improvements achieved, Amit Sethi, Joint General Manager, ICICI bank says, â€Å"What impressed us wasthat even with overall lower costs, we could achieve significantly better query performanceafter implementing the Sybase enterprise warehouse solution. † ICICI Infotech today launched an enterprise resource planning (ERP) solution for the small and medium enterprises. The ERP package – Orion Advantage – comes bundled with an HP dual processor Xeon server, Oracle 9i database, Windows 2003 server and costs about Rs 9. 90 lakh and has a 15-user license. An ERP package helps a manufacturer or any other business implementing it to manage all the important parts in the company such as product planning, parts purchasing, maintaining inventory and interacting with suppliers and customers. ICICI Infotech officials told a press conference here today that Orion Advantage offered a set of business practice solutions for industry segments such as engineering, auto ancillary, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and IT distribution. Besides the cost advantage, the ERP package also came pre-configured. ICICI Infotech had mapped the processes specific to each industry segment into the package. Mr. Manoj Kunkalienkar, Executive Director and President, ICICI Infotech, said that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) offered a good market and ICICI Infotech hoped to become a leading solution provider to this segment. Mr. R. K. Kanthi, Deputy General Manager, ICICI Infotech, said there was no ERP package for the SMEs that bundled the server, database and operating system right now. That was the advantage ICICI Infotech offered to SMEs as Orion Advantage came bundled and pre-configured. Besides the high cost of generic ERP packages, their implementation time as far as SMEs were concerned was also long. Orion Advantage could be installed in 45 days. ICICI Infotech had signed up six customers so far for the package and hoped to garner a 15 per cent market share of the SME segment, whose number in the country was estimated at 2. 30 lakh. Mr. K. S. Natarajan, Managing Director, Trident Pneumatics Pvt Ltd of Coimbatore, one of the companies that had installed Orion Advantage, said that the company had tried three other ERP packages, all of which had failed, before settling on Orion Advantage. Mr Kunkalienkar said that ICICI Infotech planned to move the two development centers in Chennai into a single location and double the staff strength from 300 now in the next two years. The Chennai centers were involved in research and development of Orion ERP solutions and Premia, an insurance package. ERP Systems Integration Pinnacle Software Solutions has the expertise and experience to assist you with your enterprise systems integration. From developing your strategy, through implementation and support, we bring the right combination of resources, management skillsets, and technical know-how. We will help you successfully integrate your  Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)  systems into your overall business and technology infrastructure. Whether you are planning an upgrade of an existing ERP system, or a complete replacement of a legacy application and platform, we can help you improve your financial, human resources, electronic mail, and other business systems. We work with the leading ERP systems, including the latest versions of the Oracle and PeopleSoft applications: ? General Ledger| ? Project Costing| ? Accounts Payable| ? Human Resources| ?   Accounts Receivable| ? Payroll| ? Purchasing| ? Benefits| ? Asset Management| ? Compensation| Our technology management solutions will help you migrate hardware platforms, improve network and database performance, develop or refresh policies and rocedures, and develop sound disaster recovery and backup solutions. Please contact us to learn how Pinnacle Software Solutions can help you develop â€Å"solutions that fit†Ã‚  your enterprise. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited ICICI Prudential life Insurance Company Limited was incorporated on 20th July 20 00. The authorized capital of the company is Rs. 2300 million and the paid up capital is Rs. 1500 million. The company is joint venture of ICICI (74%) and UK based company Prudential Plc (26%). The company was granted certificate of registration for carrying business, by Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority on 24th November 2000. It commenced commercial operation from 19th December 2000 and becoming a leading private sector life insurance company. The company recognizes that the driving force for gaining sustainable competitive advantage in this business is superior customer experience and investment behind the brand. The company aims to achieve this by striving to provide world class service level trough constant innovation in product, distribution channels and technology based delivery. Vision and Mission Their vision is to make ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company the dominant new insurer in the life insurance industry. This they hope to achieve through their commitment to excellence, focus on service, speed and innovation, and leveraging our technological expertise. The success of the organisation will be founded on its strong focus on values and clarity of purpose. These include: *   Understanding the needs of customers and offering them superior products and service *   Building long lasting relationships with their partners *   Providing an enabling environment to foster growth and learning for their employees And above all building transparency in all our dealings. They believe that they can play a significant role in redefining and reshaping the sector. Given the quality of their parentage and the commitment of their team, they feel that tere will be no limits to their growth. Board of Directors The ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited Board comprises reputed people from the finance industry both from India and abroad. Shri K. V. Kamath, Chairman Mr. Mark Tucker Smt. Lalita D. Gupte Mr. Danny Bardin Mrs. Kalpana Morparia Shri M. P. Modi Mr. John Caouette Shri S. P. Subhedar, (Alternate Director to Mr. Danny Bardin)   Mr. Derek Stott, (Alternate Director to Mr. Mark Tucker) Smt. Shikha Sharma, Managing Director Management Team Ms. Shikha Sharma, Managing Director Mr. Kevin Wright, Executive Vice President – Sales Distribution Ms. Madhavi Soman, Chief – Strategic Initiatives Mr. V. Rajagopalan, Appointed Actuary Mr. Sandeep Batra, Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary Mr. Saugata Gupta, Chief – Marketing Service Mr. Shubhro J. Mitra, Chief – Human Resources Corporate Office: ICCI Prulife Towers, 1089, Appasahab Marathe Marg, Prabhadevi, Mumbai 400 025. Telephone Number: 022-462 1600 Website :  www. iciciprulife. com ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company ICICI Lombard  General Insurance Company Limited is a 74:26 joint venture between ICICI Bank Limited and Canada based  Fairfax Financial Holdings  Limited. ICICI Bank  is India’s second largest bank, while  Fairfax Financial Holdings  is a diversified financial corporate engaged in general  insurance,  reinsurance, insurance claims management and  Investment management. Lombard Canada Ltd, a group company of Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited, is one of Canada’s oldest property and casualty insurers. ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company received regulatory approvals to commence general insurance business in August 2000. Board Members * Mr K V Kamath, Chairman * Mr R Athappan, Director * Mr B V Bhargava, Director * Mr Dileep Choksi, Director * Mr James F Dowd, Director * Ms Lalita D Gupte, Director * Ms Kalpana Morparia, Director * Mr S Mukherji, Director * Mr Chandran Ratnaswami, Director * Mr H N Sinor, Director * Mr Sandeep Bakhshi, Managing Director CEO Audit Committee * Mr. S Mukherji, Chairman * Mr. Dileep Choksi, Director * Mr. James F Dowd, Director * Mr. H. N. Sinor, Director Investment Committee * Mr. Chandran Ratnaswami, Chairman * Ms. Kalpana Morparia, Director * Mr. Sandeep Bakhshi,, Managing Director CEO * Mr. S Gopalakrishnan, Head – Investments * Mr. Rakesh Jain, Head-Finance Accounts * Mr. Liyaquat Khan, Appointed Actuary Board Governance Committee * Ms. Kalpana Morparia, Chairperson * Mr. Chandran Ratnaswami, Director * Mr. H. N. Sinor, Director Retail Segment of ICICI Lombard General Insurance : ICICI Lombard’s Retail Segment consists of personal insurance products – Health, Home, Motor and Travel insurances. Health Insurance ICICI Lombard is known to be a pioneer in introducing innovative concepts in the Indian health Insurance sector. Be it the floater concept, the critical illness cover or the tax gain policy, all these were first introduced by ICICI Lombard. It was also one of the first general insurance companies in India to have a robust online system in place for buying and renewing policies. The various plans offered by ICICI Lombard include  Family Floater Plan  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ where one policy covers the entire family,  Health Advantage Plus  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ where they cover OPD and dental expenses, also help save maximum tax under section 80D and  Critical Illness plan  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a special policy covering a list of critical illnesses. They also have a basic  Personal Accident Plan  which covers against accidents. ICICI Lombard health plans also provide coverage against terrorism. Home Insurance Home Insurance is actually one of the most neglected areas in the general insurance category. Simply, because people in general, especially in India, do not give much importance to it. However, in the recent years, due to the increase in awareness, and the great extent of damage caused to property due to natural calamities and terrorism, it has been gaining importance. The  Home Insurance Policyoffered by ICICI Lombard covers both the structure and the contents of the house. You can opt for either of the covers or both. Unlike other policies, it also covers damage due to terrorist activities, loss of cash, public liability, temporary resettlement and others. Motor Insurance As Motor Insurance is mandatory in India and is governed by the Motor Tariff Act, the policies offered by various companies are more or less the same. There is not much room for innovation in this category. ICICI Lombard too offers  Car Insurance  and  Two Wheeler Insurance. They are known to offer one of the best rates in the market. As the entire buying process is online and is instant, without any submission of documents or other formalities, people generally opt it for convenience. Travel Insurance Travel insurance is one of the most prominent sector of general insurance, especially overseas travel insurance and student medical insurance. ICICI Lombard offers various options in both the categories. The  Overseas Travel Plans  and  Student Medical Plans  offered cover medical and non-medical expenses, including compensation for flights hijacked and pre existing diseases in case of emergency. They charge on a per day basis if the travel is more than 7 days. ICICI Lombard has tied up with  United Health Group  to facilitate access to all its clinics while in U. S. The  Student Medical Plans  are accepted in almost universities worldwide. They also have a section in their website,  University Search, where one can find specific plans for specific universities. All the above retail policies can be bought online, without any documentation through their website  www. icicilombard. com  . One can not only buy, but also manage and renew their insurance policies online. NRI Services ICICI Lombard has developed insurance policies for  Non-resident Indians  that can be bought, renewed and tracked online. Parents’ Health Insurance covers hospitalization and medical expenses incurred by parents of the policyholder in India. For parents’ travelling outside India, ICICI Lombard offers a Parents’ Overseas Travel Insurance policy. An  NRI  can insure his children/ dependents travelling abroad to study, under the Student Medical Insurance plan. Likewise, the Home Insurance and Car Insurance schemes enables an  NRI  to secure his assets in India. Channels Channel is the term used for the various approaches a company uses to tap its customers. ICICI Lombard uses a multi channel approach to ensure the sales, service and other allied activities are carried out in the most effective manner. Retail The Retail channel consists of sales executves, sales officers, brokers and agents. They are the one who are in direct contact with the customers and bring the innovative insurance solutions to their doorsteps. Online ICICI Lombard has developed a web-based system to meet all the pre and post-policy transaction. One can get quotes, buy, renew and track their policies onlin e through the website [www. icicilombard. com]. With the do-it-yourself architecture, the online channel is fast, convenient, easy to understand and operate. Technology ICICI use many type of advance technological software like Pinnacle 7. and Pinnacle7. 016. Among from this software ICICI bank uses the e-banking, core banking, mobile banking electronic display sy ICICI Bank was using Teradata for its data warehouse. However, due to its proprietary hardware, the c ost of procurement, upgrades and administration was soaring. The closed box architecture of Teradata imposed restrictions on scalability. Secondly, querying and loading could not happen simultaneously. Queries could only be run during business hours because the loading of data had to take place during off-business hours. This meant that the refresh rate of EDW was delayed, so queries may not reflect the most current data. ICICI Bank was also dependent on Teradata for support and How to cite Banks of India and Bank, Essay examples

Sop for Ms in Cs with Networks Essay Example

Sop for Ms in Cs with Networks Essay I am a working professional with B. Tech Degree in Electronics Communication Engineering from Dr. MGR University, Chennai, India. As an individual, I sincerely believe that getting clear on your dreams and goals would show the path to your purpose in life. This has been the motto behind my pursuit of excellence in all the chosen endeavours and has imparted me the impetus to go ahead in life. I, now, believe that only an intensive study and comprehensive research work in my field of interest would put me on right track to explore things from a different perspective and achieve my goals.Getting Started My deep inclination towards academics dates back to my years in school, where I excelled in mathematics and developed a strong interest towards computers and electronic gadgets. Standing among the best doers in the AIEEE (All India Engineering Entrance Examinations) and bagging scholarships kept the fire of determination burning in me. It gave a real boost to my confidence and persuaded me to take Electronics Communication Engineering as an under-graduate degree program in Dr.MGR University, which is well known for its exemplary Science Technology Department and motivating academic environment. During my engineering course, subjects like C Programming, Operating Systems, Computer Architecture Networks, Data Structures Algorithms, interested me the most. My ambition to pursue M. S. My hunger to discover more on the above-mentioned subjects is also a reason to go higher up the ladder in this stream. CS or IT is not just a subject but a tool whose application can be found in all aspects of life may it be Manufacturing, Agriculture or Service sectors.I would like to plan my career in CS/IT so that I could act as enabler for any industry vertical and explore the usage of the above tools in unexplored world. And my interest to learn new upcoming technologies motivates me to take higher studies in my field of interest. To add to it, riding on back of strong fundament als in C, C++, Oracle and SQL will enable me to learn new things in depth. I have a strong aptitude and an unquenchable thirst for research and design in this field.Keeping up an inquisitive and explorative attitude, I believe, leads to a constant learning process. I believe the MS program will add a new dimension to my career and give me the necessary exposure, maturity and wisdom to focus on one research area in my doctoral program. I believe it will give direction to my goal of a career as a research professional at an academic or commercial, research-oriented organization. This course will help me join the team of professionals, who excel in this and keep on innovating new gadgets, systems and tech using CS/IT.Projects undertaken â€Å"HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM†- Using DBMS- FoxPro (implemented most of the available Menu-driven functions) File Handling using Java HTML, I implemented the online/offline menu system of a hotel having many branches under one head. The system could search, edit, delete, book, cancel and insert records/take orders of the customers checking in/out of any branch through one single head. Developed a new concept of using header files by placing manual header files and thus reducing the length of the coding. ATTENDANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM†- Using RFID Card Reader and a PIC Microcontroller (PIC16F877) for authentication of a person. The data from the RFID reader is transmitted to a remote computer through a wireless RF Transmitter where a RF Reader which is connected to a computer determines the Authorization and Access Control rights. Vb Software is used to generate and analyze all user access information with the help of a central PC-based workstation. Why Computer Networks Fundamentally, I am a technical person with IT skills and knowledge of arious computer languages such as C, C++, HTML and JAVA. It was while I was serving my tenure with EMERSON CUMING in Belgium, I realised that the speed of the network there was muc h higher than that we had at our office in India. The business had many computers, and so I started looking for chances that could benefit from networking them. A local area network (LAN) was connected to the companys computers, allowing them to share and exchange a variety of information. While one computer can be useful on its own, several networked computers can be much more useful.Since then, the office still practices the conventional ways which I introduced once. File sharing, printer sharing, communication and collaboration, organization, remote access, data protection were in a state like never before and I was started being taken more as a System Analyst than an Electronics Engineer for the company. In addition to the OS Management, I developed a billing system for the dues that is to be paid by the buyer of stiller ; auto truck and got involved in developing an accounting software from Voucher Generation, Profit ; Loss to Balance Sheet.For this, I developed a payroll syste m in FoxPro 2. 0 which included the all day Queries like opening the data file, editing the records, creating structures, indexing, sorting, and maintaining Database Integrity ; Security, generation of reports and Backup ; Restoration, which proved very beneficiary for the company. Recently, under the direction of Sr. Oracle DBA, I have provided Oracle database management and administration on production, testing and development on Linux.This involved me into the installation, configuration and up-gradation of Oracle database 9i Server. I have developed scripts to monitor instances locks, long running queries, listener, and free space. Clone/Refresh of Production databases to Testing and training environments and Backup of Database through RMAN were also performed and regularly managed. Therefore, the MS-CS program will augment my detailed knowledge of the current trends and technologies in IT to such a great extent that I believe it will be the best way to advance my career.With a comprehensive and well-planned set of academic requirements, the MS-CS curriculum offers an extensive selection of courses that cover all important aspects of Computer Networks: Systems Analysis and Development, Databases, Data Communications and Networks, Web Application Development, IT Security, and Project Management. In addition, the best advantage of the program is the Network experience as part of the curriculum, which will provide many real-world experiences to help me discover my future career opportunities. Why I wish to take up graduate studies from the San Jose State University?One of the main reasons for choosing the US over other countries is because the US education system supports and encourages independence and originality of thought. The kind of flexibility US education system provides is unique. The essence of University education lies in the synergetic relationship between the student and his department. I feel that pursuing MS at your University will be the most logical extension of my academic pursuits. This will not only help me in becoming an independent entity but will also provide me with a platform of learning along with good exposure so as to achieve my career objectives.Request for Support I belong to a middle income family where my Father is the sole bread earner and by now he is leading a retired life. I shall be very grateful if I am considered for some kind of financial support from your department in the form of graduate assistantships or any other graduate award. Not only will this assistantship reduce the burden of my postgraduate studies from my father’s shoulders but will also provide me with invaluable knowledge and rich experience. Such an award will definitely help me to pursue a career for research that I have envisioned for myself.